TS Class 10 Physics Official Model Question Paper 1 with Solved Answers - & Part-B MCQs

📋 Official Board Practice Series — Model Paper 1

TS SSC Physics Official Model Question Paper 1

Complete Solved 40-Mark Board Paper: Section I (2M Very Short), Section II (4M Short & Numericals), Section III (6M Essay Questions), Optics Diagrams & Part-B Objective MCQs

📌 Model Paper 1 Blueprint & Marks Allocation

1. Section I — Very Short (2M Each)

6 Direct Questions covering essential definitions, concepts, and unit conversions:

3 Questions Physics + 3 Questions Chemistry = 12 Marks

2. Section II — Short & Numericals (4M Each)

4 Problem-solving and procedural questions with step-by-step calculations:

2 Physics Numericals + 2 Chemistry Processes = 16 Marks

3. Section III — Essay & Choice (6M Each)

2 High-weightage essay questions with internal choice, ray diagrams, and experiments:

1 Physics Essay + 1 Chemistry Essay = 12 Marks

📊 Key High-Weightage Topics Covered in Model Paper 1

Targeted core concepts curated according to the latest SCERT Telangana Board Examination Pattern:

High Priority Chapters in Model Paper 1

1. Refraction & Convex Lenses

Focus: Snell's law, focal length calculations, and ray diagrams for real vs virtual images.

2. Electric Circuits & Ohm's Law

Focus: Parallel resistor networks, current distribution, and experimental verification of V = IR.

3. Quantum Numbers & Bonding

Focus: Quantum numbers set for 3d electrons and VSEPR molecular geometry of H₂O and NH₃.

4. Metallurgy & Carbon Compounds

Focus: Calcination vs Roasting, Thermite reduction equation, and Esterification mechanism.

Valuation Tip: Write proper units (Tesla, Weber, Ohm, Volt, Watt), draw clean ray diagrams with arrows, and state balanced chemical equations with state symbols to score full marks.

📝 Section I: Very Short Answer Questions (2 Marks Each)

QUESTION 1 - 2 MARKS (PHYSICS)

Q1. State Snell's Law of Refraction and write its mathematical formula.

Answer:

• Snell's Law: The ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence (i) to the sine of the angle of refraction (r) is constant for a given pair of media and a given wavelength of light.
• Formula:
  n₁ × sin(i) = n₂ × sin(r)   or   sin(i) / sin(r) = n₂₁
• Where: i = angle of incidence, r = angle of refraction, and n₂₁ = refractive index of second medium relative to first.

QUESTION 2 - 2 MARKS (PHYSICS)

Q2. What is the power of a convex lens of focal length +25 cm?

Given: Focal length f = +25 cm = +0.25 m

Formula: Power P = 100 / f (in cm) = 1 / f (in m)

P = 100 / (+25) = +4.0 D (Dioptres)

✓ Final Answer: Power of the lens = +4.0 D

QUESTION 3 - 2 MARKS (PHYSICS)

Q3. State Right-Hand Thumb Rule for determining the direction of magnetic field lines.

Answer:

• Statement: Imagine holding a straight current-carrying conductor in your right hand such that the stretched thumb points in the direction of the Electric Current.
• Then, your curled fingers wrapped around the conductor point in the direction of the Magnetic Field Lines (concentric circles).

QUESTION 4 - 2 MARKS (CHEMISTRY)

Q4. Write the electronic configuration of Chromium (Cr, Z = 24) and explain why it shows an anomalous configuration.

Answer:

• Electronic Configuration of Cr (Z = 24): 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s¹ 3d⁵ (or [Ar] 4s¹ 3d⁵).
• Reason: Half-filled 3d⁵ subshell provides extra stability due to orbital symmetry and high electron exchange energy compared to expected 4s² 3d⁴.

QUESTION 5 - 2 MARKS (CHEMISTRY)

Q5. Define Catenation. Which element exhibits maximum catenation ability and why?

Answer:

• Catenation: The unique property of an element to form strong covalent bonds with atoms of the same element to construct long straight, branched, or ring-shaped molecular chains.
• Element: Carbon (C) exhibits maximum catenation due to its small atomic radius and very high Carbon-Carbon (C−C) single bond energy (347 kJ/mol).

QUESTION 6 - 2 MARKS (CHEMISTRY)

Q6. Write the chemical formula of Bauxite and Galena.

Answer:

• Bauxite (Ore of Aluminium): Al₂O₃ · 2H₂O
• Galena (Ore of Lead): PbS

🧮 Section II: Short Answer Questions & Solved Numericals (4 Marks Each)

QUESTION 7 - 4 MARKS (PHYSICS NUMERICAL)

Q7. Two resistors of 6 Ω and 12 Ω are connected in parallel across a 12 V battery. Calculate:
(a) Equivalent resistance of the parallel combination.
(b) Total current supplied by the battery.
(c) Current passing through the 6 Ω resistor.

Given Data: R₁ = 6 Ω, R₂ = 12 Ω, Battery Voltage V = 12 V

(a) Calculating Equivalent Resistance (R_eq):

1 / R_eq = 1 / R₁ + 1 / R₂ = 1 / 6 + 1 / 12 = (2 + 1) / 12 = 3 / 12 = 1 / 4

R_eq = 4 Ω

(b) Calculating Total Current (I):

I = V / R_eq = 12 V / 4 Ω = 3 A

(c) Calculating Current through 6 Ω Resistor (I₁):

I₁ = V / R₁ = 12 V / 6 Ω = 2 A

✓ Final Result:
1. Equivalent Resistance R_eq = 4 Ω.
2. Total Circuit Current I = 3 A.
3. Branch Current through 6 Ω = 2 A.

QUESTION 8 - 4 MARKS (PHYSICS OPTICS NUMERICAL)

Q8. Speed of light in vacuum is 3 × 10⁸ m/s. Calculate the speed of light in a glass block whose refractive index is 1.5.

Given: Speed of light in vacuum c = 3 × 10⁸ m/s

Refractive index of glass n = 1.5

Formula: n = c / v ⇒ v = c / n

v = (3 × 10⁸ m/s) / 1.5 = 2 × 10⁸ m/s

✓ Final Answer: Speed of light in glass = 2 × 10⁸ m/s.

QUESTION 9 - 4 MARKS (CHEMISTRY)

Q9. Differentiate between Calcination and Roasting with balanced chemical equations.

Feature	Calcination	Roasting
Presence of Air	Heating ore in absence or limited supply of air.	Heating ore strongly in excess supply of air.
Ore Type	Used mainly for Carbonate and Hydrated Ores.	Used specifically for Sulphide Ores.
Gas Evolved	Carbon Dioxide (CO2) gas is driven off.	Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) gas is evolved.
Reaction Example	ZnCO3(s) →Δ→ ZnO(s) + CO2(g)↑	2ZnS(s) + 3O2(g) →Δ→ 2ZnO(s) + 2SO2(g)↑

QUESTION 10 - 4 MARKS (CHEMISTRY)

Q10. Explain Esterification Reaction with a balanced chemical equation and state two uses of esters.

Answer:

• Esterification: The chemical reaction in which a Carboxylic acid reacts with an Alcohol in the presence of concentrated Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) catalyst to form a sweet fruity-smelling compound called an Ester.
• Chemical Equation:
  CH₃COOH (Ethanoic Acid) + C₂H₅OH (Ethanol) →conc. H₂SO₄→ CH₃COOC₂H₅ (Ethyl Acetate) + H₂O
• Uses:
  1. Used in making synthetic perfumes and cosmetics.
  2. Used as artificial fruity flavoring agents in food products and ice creams.

📑 Section III: Essay Type Questions & Ray Diagrams (6 Marks Each)

QUESTION 11 (A) - 6 MARKS (PHYSICS ESSAY)

Q11 (A). An object is placed between F₁ and 2F₁ of a Convex Lens. Describe the position, nature, size, and magnification of the image formed. Draw a schematic ray diagram.

Answer:

• Position of Object: Between Focus (F₁) and Center of Curvature (2F₁).
• Position of Image: Formed beyond 2F₂ on the opposite side of the lens.
• Nature and Characteristics of Image:
  1. Nature: Real and Inverted.
  2. Size: Magnified (Larger than object size).
  3. Magnification (m): Negative and magnitude greater than 1 (|m| > 1).

Ray Tracing Procedure:

1. Ray 1: Parallel to principal axis refracts through focus F₂.

2. Ray 2: Passing through optic center O continues straight without deviation.

3. Both refracted rays intersect beyond 2F₂ to construct the real inverted image.

QUESTION 11 (B) - 6 MARKS (ALTERNATIVE ESSAY)

Q11 (B). Describe Oersted's Experiment to demonstrate that an electric current produces a magnetic field around a conductor.

Answer:

• Aim: To prove experimentally that an electric current flowing through a conductor creates a magnetic field around it.
• Apparatus: Straight copper wire, magnetic compass needle, battery, switch key, and connecting wires.
• Procedure:
  1. Place a long copper wire parallel to and directly above a magnetic compass needle aligned in the North-South direction.
  2. Connect the wire to a battery through a plug key.
  3. Close the key so current flows from South to North. Observe compass deflection.
  4. Reverse battery terminals so current flows from North to South. Observe deflection again.
• Observation:
  • Current from South to North: Compass North pole deflects towards West.
  • Current from North to South: Compass North pole deflects towards East.
• Conclusion: Deflection of magnetic needle confirms the generation of a magnetic field around a current-carrying wire.

QUESTION 12 - 6 MARKS (CHEMISTRY ESSAY)

Q12. Describe VSEPR Theory principles and explain the 3D molecular shape and bond angles of Methane (CH₄), Ammonia (NH₃), and Water (H₂O).

Answer:

Molecule	Bond Pairs (BP)	Lone Pairs (LP)	3D Molecular Shape	Bond Angle
Methane (CH4)	4 Bond Pairs	0 Lone Pairs	Tetrahedral	109°28'
Ammonia (NH3)	3 Bond Pairs	1 Lone Pair	Trigonal Pyramidal	107°
Water (H2O)	2 Bond Pairs	2 Lone Pairs	Bent / V-Shaped	104°30'

Key Explanation: Repulsion hierarchy: (LP-LP) > (LP-BP) > (BP-BP). Unpaired lone pairs push bonding electron pairs closer, reducing bond angles below the ideal 109°28' tetrahedral angle.

🎯 PART-B Objective Bits Bank (10 MCQs - Model Paper 1)

BIT 1

1. The SI unit of Refractive Index is:

• m/s
• Dioptre
• Weber
• No unit (dimensionless)

✓ Correct Option: D (No unit - ratio of speeds)

BIT 2

2. What focal length lens is required to achieve a power of +5.0 D?

• +20 cm
• +50 cm
• +10 cm
• -20 cm

✓ Correct Option: A (f = 100 / P = 100 / 5 = +20 cm)

BIT 3

3. Commercial unit of electrical energy 1 kWh is equal to:

• 3.6 × 10⁵ J
• 3.6 × 10⁶ J
• 1000 J
• 3600 J

✓ Correct Option: B (3.6 × 10⁶ Joules)

BIT 4

4. Fleming's Left Hand Rule is applied to determine motion in an:

• AC Generator
• Electric Motor
• Transformer
• Galvanometer

✓ Correct Option: B (Electric Motor)

BIT 5

5. Which halogen is the most electronegative element in the periodic table?

• Chlorine
• Fluorine
• Bromine
• Iodine

✓ Correct Option: B (Fluorine - F)

BIT 6

6. Ground state electronic configuration of Copper (Cu, Z = 29) is:

• [Ar] 4s² 3d⁹
• [Ar] 4s¹ 3d¹⁰
• [Ar] 4s² 3d¹⁰
• [Ar] 4s⁰ 3d¹⁰

✓ Correct Option: B ([Ar] 4s¹ 3d¹⁰)

BIT 7

7. What is the ore of Lead (Pb)?

• Bauxite
• Galena (PbS)
• Hematite
• Cinnabar

✓ Correct Option: B (Galena - PbS)

BIT 8

8. Thermite process uses which metal powder as a reducing agent?

• Copper
• Aluminium
• Zinc
• Magnesium

✓ Correct Option: B (Aluminium powder)

BIT 9

9. General formula of Alkene hydrocarbons containing a double bond is:

• C_nH_2n+2
• C_nH_2n
• C_nH_2n-2
• C_nH_2n+1

✓ Correct Option: B (C_nH_2n)

BIT 10

10. IUPAC suffix for Carboxylic Acids is:

• -al
• -ol
• -one
• -oic acid

✓ Correct Option: D (-oic acid)